Search
Close this search box.
ⅈ Disclosure Gamblingngo.com earns revenue through affiliate partnerships with various gambling operators. If you sign up or make a purchase through one of our affiliate links, we may receive a commission at no additional cost to you. This affiliate funding model allows us to provide valuable content and resources to our readers while generating revenue to support our operations.

Online Casinos in Paraguay 2024

Although Paraguay does not have an online gambling regulation, it is possible to play without any problem in online casinos that are available in this country. The offer of online casinos in Paraguay continues to expand in recent years. Today you can find a large number of options to bet online safely.

The essential thing, in this case, is to see that the casinos adapt to the particular needs of this market in particular and that they manage to offer a truly pleasant and safe gaming experience… And a lot of fun!

The most advisable thing is that before betting with real money in online casinos in Paraguay, you know their characteristics, advantages, game offer, and the best offers that each one has to offer you. Discover all the information about the best casino sites in Paraguay for 2024 here!

🏆 10 Best Casino Sites in Paraguay (Top Rated Sites in Mar 2024)

1
100% Up To €120 + 120 Free Spins
4.5 (130 ratings)
  • Incredible Casino Selection With More Than 4000 Games
  • 24/7 Live Chat
  • Vast Selection of Payment Methods
Read 20Bet Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: 20bet.com
  • Online Since: 2020
  • Payout Speed: 0-5 Days
  • License: Curaçao Kahnawake
  • Min. Deposit: €10
  • Game Types: Progressive Jackpots Sports Live Bets e-Sports Betting Casino Section Live Casino Games1+
  • US Players: No
  • Payment Methods: Visa MasterCard Bitcoin Litecoin Ethereum Neteller Skrill2+
  • Platforms: iOS Android Windows Mac
  • Customer Support: Live Chat Email
2
100% up to €500 + 200 Free Spins
4.7 (59 ratings)
  • Close to 5000 casino games
  • Seamless registration process
  • Creative design and easy navigation
Read Wazamba Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: WAZAMBA.com
  • Online Since: 2019
  • Min Deposit: €/$10
  • Payout Speed: From 1 to 5 business days
  • Languages: 28 languages
  • Game Types: Slots Roulette & variations Blackjack & variations Video Poker Baccarat & variations Lottery Arcade Sports Betting Live Sports Betting Horse Racing Virtual Sports etc.7+
  • Licenses: Curacao Gaming Commission
  • Accepts US Players: No
  • Restricted Countries: Afghanistan Australia Belarus Belgium Bulgaria Curaçao Cyprus Côte d’Ivoire Denmark Estonia France Iran Iraq Israel Lithuania Malta Moldova Netherlands North Korea Portugal Romania Russia Sweden Switzerland Ukraine UK and the USA.22+
  • Payment Methods: Visa MasterCard PayPal Skrill Neteller Bitcoin Litecoin Ethereum3+
  • Platforms: Windows
  • Customer Support: Live Chat Email
3
100% Welcome Casino Bonus + 200 Free Spins + 1 Bonus Crab
4.7 (57 ratings)
  • Varied casino game collection
  • Wonderful website design
  • Good mobile optimization
Read Spinanga Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: spinanga.com
  • Online Since: 2022
  • Min Deposit: €10
  • Payout Speed: From 3 to 5 business days
  • Languages: 2 Languages
  • Game Types: Slots Roulette Blackjack Live Poker Video Poker Game Shows Baccarat Dice Sports Betting Live Sports Betting Virtual Sports etc.7+
  • Licenses: Curacao Gaming Commission
  • Accepts US Players: No
  • Restricted Countries: Afghanistan Belarus Belgium Bulgaria Curacao Cyprus Denmark Estonia Iran Iraq Israel Lithuania Malta Moldova Portugal Romania Russia North Korea Netherlands Sweden Ukraine United Kingdom USA Côte d’Ivoire Armenia and Georgia.21+
  • Payment Methods: Visa MasterCard e-vouchers e-wallets cryptocurrencies
  • Platforms: Windows Mobile
  • Customer Support: Live Chat Email
4
100% Match Bonus of up to £100 now!
3.9 (131 ratings)
  • Fantastic Live Casino Game Offer
  • User-friendly Interface
  • 1100+ slots games
Read 888Casino Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: 888casino.com
  • Online Since: 1997
  • Min. Deposit: £10
  • Payout Speed: 3-7 business days
  • Languages: English Chinese French German Russian Spanish Arabic Finnish Japanese Portuguese Thai6+
  • Game Types: Slots Roulette Blackjack Poker Baccarat Keno Craps Scratchcards Progressive jackpots Daily jackpots Exclusive games6+
  • License: UK Malta Gibraltar Pennsylvania Nevada Delaware1+
  • Accepts US Players: Yes
5
Get a 225% welcome bonus now!
4.7 (153 ratings)
  • Generous Welcome Bonus Available
  • Accepts US Players
  • Accepts Bitcoin
Read Red Dog Casino Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: reddogcasino.com
  • Online Since: 2019
  • Min. Deposit: $10
  • Payout Speed: 3-5 business days
  • Game types: Baccarat Bingo Blackjack Board games Caribbean Poker Craps Keno Live Dealer Poker variations Progressive jackpots Roulette Slots Video Poker8+
  • Licenses: Curaçao
  • US Players: Accepted
  • Payment Methods: Visa Mastercard Bitcoin Instant Gift Card NeoSurf Wire Transfer1+
  • Platforms: Windows Mobile
  • Customer Support: Live Chat Email Phone
6
Up to 260% Match Bonus!
4.7 (132 ratings)
  • Accepts US Players
  • Live Chat
  • Several Free Spins
Read El Royale Casino Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: elroyalecasino.com
  • Online Since: 2020
  • Min. Deposit: $10
  • Payout Speed: 3-5 business days
  • Game types: Baccarat Bingo Blackjack Board games Caribbean Poker Craps Keno Live Dealer Poker variations Progressive jackpots Roulette Slots Video Poker8+
  • Licenses: Curaçao
  • US Players: Accepted
7
Match Welcome Bonus Package up to $5,000!
4.7 (110 ratings)
  • Easy Signup
  • Accepts US Players
  • Bitcoin Welcome Bonus
Read Wild Casino Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: wildcasino.com
  • Online Since: 2018
  • Min. Deposit: $10
  • Payout Speed: Processing time of under an hour on working days
  • Game types: Baccarat Bingo Blackjack Craps Keno Jackpots Live Casino Games Poker Roulette Slots Super 6 Video Poker7+
  • Licenses: Panama
  • US Players: Accepted
8
100% Match Bonus to all three first deposits!
4.8 (95 ratings)
  • 24/7 Live Support
  • Wide variety of casino games
  • Tournaments and Loyalty Program
Read SpinCasino Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: spincasino.com
  • Online Since: 2001
  • Min. Deposit: $10 ($20 for the welcome bonus)
  • Payout Speed: 24 hours to 5 business days
  • Game Types: Baccarat Blackjack Hundreds of slots Live game shows Roulette Sic Bo Video Bingo Video Poker and many more!3+
  • License: Kahnawake Gaming Commission and Malta Gaming Authority (Canada).
  • US Players: Not Accepted
  • Payment Methods: Visa MasterCard PaySafeCard Skrill Neteller Apple Pay NeoSurf FlexPin3+
  • Platforms: Windows Mobile Android iOS
  • Customer Support: Live Chat Email
9
100% Bonus up to $1,600
4.6 (147 ratings)
  • Over two decades in the gambling industry
  • A wide range of payment methods available
  • Fantastic mobile casino
Read JackpotCityCasino Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: jackpotcitycasino.com
  • Online Since: 1998
  • Min. Deposit: EUR/USD 5
  • Payout Speed: Between 24 hours (e-wallets) and 5 days (bank transfers)
  • Languages: Czech English Finnish French German Greek Italian Japanese Latvian Norwegian Polish Portuguese Russian Spanish Swedish Turkish Italian Norwegian Chinese Japanese15+
  • Licenses: Malta Gaming Authority Kahnawake Gaming Commission
  • US Players: Not Accepted
  • Payment Methods: Visa MasterCard EcoPayz Skrill NeoSurf Neteller Paysafecard2+
  • Platforms: Windows Mobile Android iOS
  • Customer Support: Live Chat Email
10
Up to 230% Match Bonus!
4.7 (123 ratings)
  • Live Chat
  • Great Site Theme
  • No Deposit Bonus
Read Slots Empire Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: slotsempire.com
  • Online Since: 2019
  • Min. Deposit: $10
  • Payout Speed: 3-5 business days
  • Game types: Blackjack Board games Caribbean Poker Keno Live Dealer Poker variations Progressive jackpots Roulette Slots Video Poker.5+
  • Licenses: Curaçao
  • US Players: Not Accepted

⚖️ Paraguayan Gambling Laws & Regulations

Is Online Casino Legal in Paraguay?

Gambling in Paraguay is legal, although online gambling is yet to see updated laws and regulations. Players from Paraguay can easily access casino sites and enjoy gambling online.

Paraguayan Gambling Laws & Regulations

The National Gaming Commission (Conajzar) of Paraguay has been in the eye of the storm in recent months due to its agreement with iCrop for slot machines outside casinos. However, the Legislature held a meeting this week to assess a change in the regulation of the industry, which includes transforming the entity into the National Directorate of Games of Chance (Dinajzar).

The decision to modify the national regulator includes turning it into an autonomous and self-sufficient entity. The Constitutional, Legislation, Industry, Municipal, and Budget Commissions met to socialize the project, which seeks to centralize regulation in the Dinajzar proposal, removing responsibility for permits from the municipalities.

This was all to give greater strength to the regulatory entity and emphasize the distrust of the sector towards the authorities, in the midst of the conflict over slot machines. During a meeting of the Committee on Constitutional Affairs, deputy Cristina Villalba asked to postpone her debate to analyze the new scheme in detail.

Despite the fact that her bench had spoken in favor, the legislator requested that “a technical team be formed made up of the private sector and constitutional issues to polish the project so that, in due course, we can convene again” and pointed out that “a consensus has already been reached”.

However, the position of this sector seems to have changed to adopt a more cautious approach. During the meeting, representatives of the private sector also spoke, expressing their concern about the impact that the new gambling regulation scheme would generate in Paraguay if it were approved as proposed.

The proposed initiative involves transforming the National Games of Chance Commission (Conajzar) into the National Directorate of Games of Chance (Dinajzar). The decision to modify the national regulator includes turning it into an autonomous and self-sufficient entity.

The payment of taxes for prizes obtained when playing online is not contemplated by the current legislation of Paraguay. The current law is the one that Regulates the Withholding of the tax established by the Law on the benefits from games of chance. But it refers only to those games contemplated by Law 1016/97, among which online gaming is not included.

The tax situation in the country: Gaming concession companies must act as Tax Withholding Agents on profits from games of chance authorized by law, obtained by any natural or legal person. The amount withheld will constitute a single and final payment for the subject of the same, whether this taxpayer or not.

The amount of the retention will be determined by applying the rate of ten percent (10%) on the amount of the prizes in money, coming from games of chance that exceed forty-nine percent (49%) of the current legal minimum wage.

The withholding must be made when the payment is made or the prize money is made available to the beneficiary thereof. In fact, at the moment the profits obtained from online gambling in Paraguay are not regulated by any official regulations. In the case of prizes obtained in physical casinos, the operators themselves are responsible for deducting the percentage corresponding to taxes.

🏆 How to Choose the Best Casino Site in Paraguay

When searching for the best casino site in Paraguay, there are some things to keep in mind, or better said, several criteria that must be addressed. If one is not met, the casino does not enter the ranking of the best casino site in the country. It’s that easy. Here is what to keep in mind:

1

Casino Security and Paraguayan Player Protection

How to Choose the Best Casino Site in Paraguay

You should always check that a casino is safe. You must see a license that ensures your rights as a player. As in Paraguay, there is still no entity that regulates international casinos, try to find recognized international licenses. Some of them are eCogra, UKGC, MGA, and those issued by the Curaçao authorities.

A casino also must have data encryption. This ensures that your information is protected. The most common is 128-bit SSL. This is a certificate that is located throughout the page and is represented by a green padlock next to the URL. You must read the terms, conditions of use, and privacy policies. It is important that you respect the GDPR.

2

Secure Deposits and Withdrawals at Online Casinos in Paraguay

It does not matter if the casino site in Paraguay has an internal payment gateway, or if it is through external servers that these transactions are carried out. They must be secure with SSL certificates throughout the process. In addition, it must have multiple banking options that give you comfort when choosing. And those methods must not only be safe but also known.

3

Complete Selection of Games at Casino Sites in Paraguay

Although it is true that many casinos have a wide catalog, the amount is not the only thing you should look at. A good casino site in Paraguay will have a variety of games and titles. You should also evaluate if it has an alliance with known software providers or if they are the casino’s own games. Remember that a casino with many games is worth nothing if the one you want to play is not found.

4

Customer Service

A great casino will come with multiple communication channels such as email, live chat, and phone calls. Each extra channel adds points to go up in the ranking. In addition, it must be in Spanish and work at least every day.

5

Multi-platform Interfaces of the Website and Apps

Great online casinos in Paraguay will adapt to any screen. It means that regardless of whether you play from a mobile, a tablet, or a desktop PC, the website must be displayed well. Also, if they are online casinos that have their app, it is much better and they earn extra points. These dedicated apps have a better design, more fluidity, and offer more advantages.

6

Responsible Gaming

You may think that this is not such an important point. But yes it is. This is part of your rights as a player. And if a casino site in Paraguay doesn’t have mechanisms to play responsibly, it violates your rights. Look for mechanisms such as account blocking, daily, weekly, or monthly deposit limitation, and account deletion. In addition, the idea is that you have a blog that shows the information on this topic.

7

Verified RTP

RTP is the percentage that a casino allocates to the total prizes of the income obtained in each game. In simple terms, it is an audit by outside entities, which is carried out on casino games. And the result is a percentage that indicates the probability that the house loses. Now, as a general rule, if the RTP is greater than 96%, you have a good chance of winning. But if it’s lower, your chances are drastically reduced.

💵 How to Gamble Online in Paraguay

In online casinos, it is crucial that you follow recommendations if you are a beginner player, with the aim of enjoying the experience to the fullest. In the world of online entertainment, casinos represent a preponderant part, within which users enjoy quality games and opt for prizes when betting real money. Follow the steps that we will show below, and it is sure that you will have a good time.

1

Get the Best Online Casino in Paraguay

How to Gamble Online in Paraguay

It is of the utmost importance that you make the best decision when choosing a comprehensive casino since its characteristics will define its quality. A good option is for you to structure a list with your expectations, being realistic with goals of what you want. More experienced players in Paraguay tend to look for casinos with features that you can take into account when putting together the list: 

  • Varied games.
  • Good interface.
  • Safe and legal.
  • Bonuses available.
  • Varied options of payment methods.
  • App available.

Although these criteria are important, they are not exclusive of others that you want to add, for this you have to take into account that they are common elements, but you can eliminate some that you do not consider necessary.

2

Register in the Casino

The next step is the registration, for this you have to enter personal and real data, with the aim that the casino stores them and later you can request that they deposit the money from the prizes in your accounts. After you enter your data, you must verify your identification, for this you can upload a utility bill of no more than two months, specifying your name, surname, address, and any other information with which the casino site in Paraguay verifies the veracity. Within the same form, it can happen that you must specify the payment method of your choice so that in the future you can deposit and withdraw.

3

Deposit and Claim the Welcome Bonus at Casino in Paraguay

You must make a real money deposit in order to get rewards that you can claim. The trust of the casino will depend on the good characteristics that make it up, so it is important that you analyze it in advance and thus enjoy it to the fullest. In Paraguay, there are no special rules that regulate the actions within online casinos, since most of them are of an international category, available for many countries. It is important that you choose a payment method that is compatible with the casino since not everyone can make deposits and without this step, you cannot participate in the games. The most popular are:

  • Bank deposits.
  • PayPal.
  • Credit cards (Visa and MasterCard).
  • Skrill.
  • Trustly.

You must take into account that the method by which you decide, has to admit withdrawals so that when claiming the prizes there are no inconveniences of any kind. Each method has a commission policy, that is, for each transaction made, they will take a small fee. 

Another important characteristic is that the deposit method admits the welcome bonuses offered by online casino sites in Paraguay since sometimes they do not depend entirely on the latter, but on the payment method that you have. Claim the welcome bonus immediately after registering and use it to try some games or even earn more money.

4

Play, Have Fun, and Win Real Money

The variety of games will be practically endless in some online casino sites in Paraguay, but you can focus only on the most popular ones, which you will usually find topping the charts, with good ratings from other players, and with a high payout rate. 

A good casino will offer you different selections in slots, cards, and even traditional table games with good ante rates. In some, you can enter free games to practice, without the option of prizes while you build good strategies. In Paraguay, the most popular game is live roulette, whether French, American, European or in its mini version. It attracts many beginner players since the rules are easy to understand. Since each game has its own instructions, a good recommendation is that you analyze them before deciding to participate in them, so that you have opportunities to win.

5

Get Your Winnings

The last part of this tour has to do with withdrawing your winnings. This can be done through the online casino website, filling out a set of requirements, and executing the action. Since the deposit made was real money, so were the withdrawals. 

The time for withdrawal will depend sometimes on the casino and other times on the payment method. Normally, the maximum time is one week. If this period elapses, you can file a complaint in the customer service section. It is important that you provide your real data when registering since the casino will ask you to verify your identification, to avoid scams and third parties to carry out these transactions.

The world of online casinos in Paraguay can be very big, but if you take the recommendations already mentioned, you can live a very satisfactory experience. You can have fun and get good profits with the main benefits that surround online casinos, do not hesitate to try it.

🏈 The Most Popular Online Casino Games in Paraguay

The Most Popular Online Casino Games in Paraguay

It is important to review the quantity and quality of games that exist in an online casino in Paraguay. Although there are clients who are extremely married to a certain title or game style, not all of them have the experience to decide, so the larger the catalog, the more easily they will be able to find a title of interest to new users.

The most common is that there are slot machines, card games such as poker or blackjack, roulette, bingo, a live games section, and much more. The best casino sites in Paraguay have a huge variety of games!

🎁 Best Bonuses, Free Spins and Promotions in Paraguayan Online Casino Sites

1
100% Up To €120 + 120 Free Spins
  • Incredible Casino Selection With More Than 4000 Games
  • 24/7 Live Chat
  • Vast Selection of Payment Methods
Read 20Bet Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: 20bet.com
  • Online Since: 2020
  • Payout Speed: 0-5 Days
  • License: Curaçao Kahnawake
  • Min. Deposit: €10
  • Game Types: Progressive Jackpots Sports Live Bets e-Sports Betting Casino Section Live Casino Games1+
  • US Players: No
  • Payment Methods: Visa MasterCard Bitcoin Litecoin Ethereum Neteller Skrill2+
  • Platforms: iOS Android Windows Mac
  • Customer Support: Live Chat Email
2
100% Match Bonus of up to £100 now!
  • Fantastic Live Casino Game Offer
  • User-friendly Interface
  • 1100+ slots games
Read 888Casino Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: 888casino.com
  • Online Since: 1997
  • Min. Deposit: £10
  • Payout Speed: 3-7 business days
  • Languages: English Chinese French German Russian Spanish Arabic Finnish Japanese Portuguese Thai6+
  • Game Types: Slots Roulette Blackjack Poker Baccarat Keno Craps Scratchcards Progressive jackpots Daily jackpots Exclusive games6+
  • License: UK Malta Gibraltar Pennsylvania Nevada Delaware1+
  • Accepts US Players: Yes
3
Get a 225% welcome bonus now!
  • Generous Welcome Bonus Available
  • Accepts US Players
  • Accepts Bitcoin
Read Red Dog Casino Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: reddogcasino.com
  • Online Since: 2019
  • Min. Deposit: $10
  • Payout Speed: 3-5 business days
  • Game types: Baccarat Bingo Blackjack Board games Caribbean Poker Craps Keno Live Dealer Poker variations Progressive jackpots Roulette Slots Video Poker8+
  • Licenses: Curaçao
  • US Players: Accepted
  • Payment Methods: Visa Mastercard Bitcoin Instant Gift Card NeoSurf Wire Transfer1+
  • Platforms: Windows Mobile
  • Customer Support: Live Chat Email Phone

BonusesUse the freedom to enjoy online gambling activities and optimize your experience with the promotions that these casinos offer. Features like free spins as part of a welcome offer, or matching your deposit amount make it easy to test out a new site without breaking the bank. And remember to keep checking for new bonus offers for Paraguay players, as vendors often launch new promotions throughout the year. Here are some of the best ones you can access now.

💳 Payment Options at Paraguayan Casino Sites

What Is the Best Payment Option for Paraguayan Players?

When using national casino sites online, the best option would be to use credit and debit cards, as they are safe and convenient. For foreign casinos, e-wallets are by far the best option.

Payment Options at Paraguayan Casino Sites

In order to play for real money, you must deposit a balance into your casino account. This process involves sharing your bank or card details if you choose to pay by a card or by transfer. But there are other safer alternatives, such as electronic purses (e-wallets) or prepaid cards.

Some of the casinos that we suggest have up to 35 different payment methods. In Paraguay and in other countries, apart from casinos with PayPal, there are also casinos with Neteller, Visa, Trustly, etc. The same casino usually has many payment methods.

You will actually have to log in from your casino account to see which ones are actually available from specific casino sites in Paraguay. Those that never fail are credit cards such as VISA and MasterCard, and electronic wallets such as Skrill or Neteller.

1
100% Up To €120 + 120 Free Spins
  • Incredible Casino Selection With More Than 4000 Games
  • 24/7 Live Chat
  • Vast Selection of Payment Methods
Read 20Bet Review Quick info

Overview

  • Website: 20bet.com
  • Online Since: 2020
  • Payout Speed: 0-5 Days
  • License: Curaçao Kahnawake
  • Min. Deposit: €10
  • Game Types: Progressive Jackpots Sports Live Bets e-Sports Betting Casino Section Live Casino Games1+
  • US Players: No
  • Payment Methods: Visa MasterCard Bitcoin Litecoin Ethereum Neteller Skrill2+
  • Platforms: iOS Android Windows Mac
  • Customer Support: Live Chat Email

FAQ

Gambling is legal in Paraguay and there is a government body that regulates physical forms of gambling in the country. However, online gambling still lacks regulations, but it is legal to gamble online nevertheless.

As the National Commission for Games of Chance, Conajzar, does not have an impact, for the time being, on online operators, the licenses for gaming and virtual betting operators are granted by international entities. Although in Paraguay you can find legal websites, they do not originate in the country and you can register in any of them safely.

There are currently no laws and regulations regarding online gambling in Paraguay, therefore there will be no mandatory deposit limits. Be that as it may, all casino sites available in Paraguay offer Responsible Gaming where players can set their own limits.

At the moment the profits obtained from online gambling in Paraguay are not regulated by any official regulations. In the case of prizes obtained in physical casinos, the operators themselves are responsible for deducting the percentage corresponding to taxes.

The time for withdrawal will depend sometimes on the casino and other times on the payment method. Normally, the maximum time is one week. If this period elapses, you can file a complaint in the customer service section.

There are many casino sites that Paraguayans can enter and gamble at but all of them offer something different, whether a variety of games, bonuses, or special services. Finding a casino that will best suit your needs would be a top pick anytime.

The three most classic games in casinos are Slots, Roulette and Blackjack. But in addition, in most casinos, you will find Live Casino, with more traditional games such as Roulette, Blackjack, or Baccarat, but also with other games such as Dream Catcher, Monopoly, Soccer Studio, Poker… In addition, many casinos offer international lottery games.

In Paraguay, the most popular game is live roulette, whether French, American, European or in its mini version. It attracts many beginner players since the rules are easy to understand

This type of bonus is completely different in some aspects, since it does not consist of an amount of money, but it is possible to obtain profits with them. This type of free spins bonus often gives an advantage to new players. The number of spins received is given based on the amount deposited, operating in various bonus ranges.

Also called registration bonuses, welcome bonuses are the promotions that online casinos offer to attract new players. At most casino sites in Paraguay, they work in the same way as with bookmakers – the website gives the user an extra amount of money for your first deposit or even for the simple fact of registering on the page.

There are lots of ways of finding help for gambling addiction in Paraguay. Most commonly, players seek help from their family members and friends, along with contacting a local psychotherapist. Additionally, players can find institutions, such as Jugadores Anonimos (Anonymous Gamblers).

🔎 Looking for betting sites? Here are the best betting sites in Paraguay.